blue people of west virginia

And by God, they didnt have the enzyme diaphorase. We use data, analytics, and a sense of humor to determine the dirt on places across the country. Before Cawein ended his study of the blue people, he returned to the mountains to patch together the long and twisted journey of Martin Fugates recessive gene. She remembers the story very easily, most often humorously, because she remembers the manner in which her brother told her. '"He was almost purple,"' his father, Alva Stacy, recalls." It began whenMartin Fugate, aFrench orphan, settled on the banks of eastern Kentuckys Troublesome Creek to claim a land grant in the early 19th century. Population: 6,306Walmart rank: 2ndMobile home parks: 5th in the stateBars per person: 5th in West Virginia. Scott's research had found hereditary methemoglobinemia among Alaskan Eskimos and Indians caused by an absence of the enzyme diaphorase from their red blood cells. Benjy Stacy is one of the last of the blue Fugates. He helped isolate an antidote for cholera, and he did some of the early work on L-dopa, the drug for Parkinsons disease. The female's primary color is light cinnamon with darker-colored wings. The condition that made the Fugates blue causes large amounts of methemoglobin (which is a blue type of hemoglobin) to circulate in the blood. Blue People of Kentucky Why the Fugate Family Had Blue SkinA Frenchman arrived in Kentucky in 1820, bringing with him his strange blue skin. It is almost certain that Martin was a descendant of the Fugate family of Russell County, Virginia and probably of French origin. 3 of 10 isnt good enough; think of how high you wouldve finished on this list had more of you ditched class to head to the hills on Friday mornings like a lot of your friends. "The beginning of this story is so wild because Martin moved to Kentucky from Europe and married a complete stranger, a nonrelative who just happened to have the same mutation," says Lewis. Blue People of West Virginia | . GreenPower Motor Co. to begin manufacturing at South Charleston, West Virginia facility 'this quarter' Hot and cold: Up and down weather calls for adaptation for West Virginia's ski destinations; Morgantown (West Virginia) business owner who pleaded guilty to Jan. 6 charges sued along with Trump; This Week in West Virginia History The Derby Bar & Grill, Fairmount, WV. Definitely not a poaching bunch, these Hurricane rednecks. The condition is called methemoglobinemia, which is a disorder that reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood and body tissues, therefore making the skin appear blue. Dating back to the early 1800s, an isolated family in eastern Kentucky - who can trace their roots back to a French orphan - started producing children who were blue. 1:52. Martin Fugate arrived in the unsettled frontier of Kentucky in 1820. Fear that more inflation will cost jobs. The doctors finally came to the conclusion that Benjys color was due to blood inherited from generations back.. They have the 2nd most bars and the 2nd most trailer/mobile home parks per capita in the state. Benjamin Stacy was the last of the Fugate family members to have blue skin and lived a healthy life. Somebody with only one gene would not have the condition but could pass the gene to a child. The small coal mining town in McDowell County received national attention. March 8, 2012 -- Kerry Green was a "blue baby," born in 1964 in Tulsa, Okla., and his family was given little hope that he would live because of a malformed aorta. It is the color of oxygen-depleted blood seen in the blue veins just below the skin. However, now that the Fugate gene pool is more diverse, there is less need for this treatment, as fewer blue children are being born. Theyre known simply as the blue people in the hills and hollows around Troublesome and Ball Creeks. Correction, June 9, 2008: The article originally stated that a handful of states allow marriages between first cousins. The Blue Ridge Mountains are a physiographic province of the larger Appalachian Mountains range. avg. As scientists discovered in the 1960s, the mutation that causes the Smurf-like skin is carried by a recessive gene, and it takes two people with that same gene to produce a blue child. Google Maps. For more West Virginia reading, check out: In order to rank the most redneck cities in West Virginia, we had to determine what criteria makes a redneck. Our skimmable newsletter is delivered to your inbox each week, giving you 5 things you need to read and get smarter. Population: 5,191High school graduation rate: 70%Walmart rank: 4thDive bars and mobile home parks: 7th. Her name was Ruth Pendergrass, and she had been trying to stir up medical interest in the blue people ever since a dark blue woman walked into the county health department one bitterly cold afternoon and asked for a blood test. Come on, Grafton rednecks. In fact, the last known blue Fugate was born in 1975, and his skin color faded to normal as he grew up. As a result of a coincidental meeting of recessive genes, intermarriage and inbreeding, members of the Fugate family were born with a rare condition that made them visibly discoloured. Then he began to construct the family genealogy and traced their roots back to Martin and Elizabeth Fugate. "Methomoglobin is an oxidized form of hemoglobin that has a decreased affinity for oxygen, resulting in a reduced ability to release oxygen to tissues." This led to the propagation of the genetic condition that gave them their distinctive blue skin color. She shuns modern conveniences. She lives alone in one of the. In another neighborhood of this rust-belt city of 46,000, Pam and Ted Keesee have their own. Most lived to their 80s and 90s without serious illness associated with the skin discoloration. Martin Fugate, who was orphaned as a child in France, began the American Fugate clan. References Due to the sheer number of things like bait shops, bars and mobile home parks in the area, its definitely crawling with rednecks. Methemoglobinemia is a blood condition, not a skin condition. Luna is buried at the top of the hollow. Using Yelp and Google Maps, this is the criteria we used: Note: For the sake of getting reliable numbers, we counted places within a citys border, as well as within a short driving distance. One of them even married his own aunt, and most of them had a lot of children who also married their cousins. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The gene is still around today but has now become statistically insignificant and there are no serious medical problems associated with it. This brief history has been gleaned from old family records, correspondence with other members, and histories of Ritchie, Barbour, Harrison and Randolph Counties, West Virginia. They were delighted., They changed colors! remembered Pendergrass. The couple had eight children, including Luna. It wasn't always this way. Levy married a Ritchie girl and bought 200 acres of rolling land along Ball Creek. Fortunately, Cawein was able to find an antidote for the blood disorder - methylene blue which acted as an electron donor. Google Maps. Eventually, a nurse named Ruth Pendergrass heard of them, and, along with a hematologist named Madison Cawein III, decided to go meet these locally famous blue people in person. Besides the number of bars, mobile home parks and places to buy shotguns, its at the base of the hills, where you know the deer and turkey probably walk right into town. When young people started moving away from the farms surrounding Troublesome Creek in the mid-20th century, they took their recessive blue genes with them. Benjy was a pretty big item in the hospital, his mother says with a grin. February 16, 2012 by Tap Vann. The antidote worked quickly but patients were required to take daily doses as it passed quickly through the urine. Feeder food: Grain and birdseed. It can make a claim that it should top this list, since it has the most people. They were like any other 1800s family except theyliked inbreeding. They were delighted.". If this conversion continued, all the bodys hemoglobin would eventually be rendered useless. For the record, West Virginia has strict anti-incest laws. The man who discovered the cure for methemoglobinemia was Madison Cawein III, a hematologist (blood doctor) at the University of Kentucky who heard tales of the "blue people" and went looking for specimens in the 1960s. He hasnt studied the condition for years. THE town of Odd, West Virginia is a quiet, rural countryside, despite all the buzz surrounding the infamous inbred family, The Whittakers, who live within it. She looked like she was having a heart attack. If the condition were inherited as a recessive trait, it would appear most often in an inbred line. The following piece was collected at a dinner table with a group of girls out celebrating a friends birthday. Doctors were so astonished by the color of Benjy Stacys skin that they raced him by ambulance from the maternity ward in the hospital near Hazard to a medical clinic in Lexington. In other words, to get the disorder, a person would have to inherit two genes for it, one from each parent. Luna Stacy possessed the good health common to the blue people, bearing at least 13 children before she died at 84. Population: 18,763Bars per capita: 6th in West VirginiaFishing/bait shops per capita: 4thMobile home parks per capita: 5th. When Two Strangers Lost the Genetic Lottery Martin Fugate arrived in the unsettled frontier of Kentucky in 1820. If enough blood is "infected" with this faulty type of hemoglobin, it changes from red to an almost purple-ish dark blue. One look at Luke was enough to get those doctors down here in a hurry, says Pendergrass, who joined Cawein to look for more blue people. In 2014, the lowest-cost bronze plan in the WV exchange was an average of $280/month, higher than the national average of $249. So is the Walmart factor, which is the number of Walmarts per person. Its nothing.. It has nothing to do with melanin, the amino acid that gives people darker skin tones. Cawein needed fresh blood to do an enzyme assay. Days of testing provided no answers; but then Benjy's grandmother told the doctor a story about the "blue" Fugates. The blood disorder is inherited as a simple recessive trait - meaning that to get the disorder, a person would have to inherit two genes, one from each parent. Big deal, ive got an extra thumb, and twelve toes, but at least my parents didnt know they were twins until after they had me. Theyre normal people theyre good people. Apparently, it shows more easily when theyre cold!. For more than a century, these Appalachian families passed along an exceedingly rare genetic blood condition that turned their skin a disarming shade of blue. However, the disorder didn't seem to cause any special health problems. ELVIS SEEN AT GRACELAND ON HIS 85th BIRTHDAY! Cawein and his colleagues published their research on hereditary diaphorase deficiency in the Archives of Internal Medicine (April, 1964) in 1964. 2017-2018 Blue Book Frontice (p. I-VIII) Section 1: Executive (p. 1-330) Section 2: Legislative (p. 331-508) Informant: So, what my brother told me is that theres a story that there are people in the Appalachian Mountains in West Virginia, near the campus I guess, and there is skin is blue. The Fugate family didnt leave the area for generations, continually intermarrying with relatives. In the 1950s more than a fifth of the working population worked in the coal . Wingspan: 6.3-8.3 in (Black-Capped), 5.9-7.9 in (Carolina) Chickadees are tiny little birds that are very easy to recognize because of their "black cap" and black bib. With Fugate blood on both his mothers and his fathers side, the boy could have received genes for the enzyme deficiency from either direction. In people with methemoglobinemia, the skin appears blue because the veins beneath the skin are coursing with dark blue blood. Elkins is way out in the middle of nowhere south of Morgantown, at the base of the Appalachians. Not myth or legend; The Blue People of Kentucky were an isolated enclave of Appalachian people who lived with an embarrassing skin discoloration until a young hematologist took notice and found a solution. It was real bad in her, Alva Stacy, the boys father, explained. She was as blue a woman as I ever saw.. However, only 89% are white, and a whopping 83% finished high school. Generations later, a descendant of Martin Fugate, Benjy Stacy, would be born "blue". Other people in the region knew the family well, and most were related to them, so seeing blue people and marrying them did not seem unusual to the locals. Well, according to the official bible of literature, the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, a redneck is: A white person who lives in a small town or in the country especially in the southern U.S., who typically has a working-class job, and who is seen by others as being uneducated and having opinions and attitudes that are offensive.. People wore jackets and hats that had the slogan "Northfork West Virginia Basketball Capital of the United States." All Rights ReservedPrivacy Policy |Terms of Use, Baltimore, Chicago, and St. Louis, 1870 Census Index, North Carolina and South Carolina, 1870 Census Index, Virginia and West Virginia, 1870 Census Index, Margaret Christine Otis Baker: A Colonial Woman with an Incredible Story, Carter Braxton: The Signers of the Declaration of Independence, Josiah Bartlett: The Signers of the Declaration of Independence, Everything You Need to Know About the 1890 US Federal Census, The Real Truth Behind Coats of Arms and Family Crests, Curtis King: Unsung Heroes of the Civil War. Legend has it that Martin himself may have had a blue tinge to his skin, but not the dark blue color of later Fugates. That five-star symbol is the same as the one on the Friendly City flagwhich is drawing approval well outside of West Virginia. When they settled this country back then, there was no roads. The area was never entirely cut off, but many people lived in remote closed communities with little incoming or outgoing migration. "They vary in color from white to black, often have blue eyes and straight hair, and they are generally industrious. "But if you're marrying your cousin, it's one in eight. At last they were free of their "blue" shade and were no longer embarrassed. West Virginians became the prototypical hillbillies, and incest served as a crude scientific explanation for their downtrodden social condition. Where people wear camo to church. al. After analyzing all cities with a decent amount of people in them, we came up with this list as The Most Redneck Cities in West Virginia: Many of these are types of places where old redneck ladies drive their motorized wheelchairs down the middle of town, towing their grandkids in a wagon. valley in the mountains in West Virginia with a barn and cows visible West Virginia Mountains Fall Foliage The Mountain Spruce Fall Colors Beautiful Pictures blue people of west virginia December 17, 2021 sister act cast member dies comments The name refers to a specific set of families. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Methemoglobinemia can also be caused by reactions to certain topical pain relievers like benzocaine and xylocaine. Stacy recalls that his father-inlaw, Levy Fugate, was part of the family that showed blue. Explainer thanks Edwin Arnold of Appalachian State University, Anthony Harkins of Western Kentucky University, and David Hsiung of Juniata College. Had you guys just ditched school even more, you might have won this whole thing. West Virginia History Timeline. In the early 1960's, this blue malady caught the attention of Madison Cawein, an inquisitive hematologist from the University of Kentucky. Hereditary diaphorase deficiency and methemoglobinemia. We just have our own way of life. The gene would most likely appear in an inbred line. So I brought back the new blood and set up my enzyme assay, Cawein continued. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The enzyme eventually builds to normal levels in most children and to almost normal levels in those like Benjy, who carry one gene. Cawein, Madison and E.J. This results in brown blood giving Caucasian patients a bluish hue to their skin. The risk skyrockets if you're sharing blood.". In 1820, Martin Fugate, who is believed to have been blue, moved to Troublesome Creek from France and just happened to shack up with Elizabeth Smith, who also carried the gene. He married a red-haired American named Elizabeth Smith with a very pale complexion. Many is more accurate since the practice is legal, or legal under certain circumstances, in more than 20 states. In alphabetical order, these counties are: Barbour, Berkeley, Boone, Braxton, Brooke, Cabell, Calhoun, Clay, Doddridge, Fayette, Gilmer, Grant, Greenbrier, Hampshire, Hancock, Hardy, Harrison, Jackson, Jefferson, Kanawha, Lewis, Lincoln, Logan, Marion, Marshall, Mason, McDowell, Mercer, Mineral, Mingo, Monongalia, Monroe, Morgan, Nicholas, Ohio, This condition does, in fact, cause blue-tinted. He remembered that the Ritchie siblings "were really embarrassed about being blue." 8 November 2021. Elizabeth had pale white skin, almost translucent. Two YouTubers have shared an inside look into Odd as they documented themselves traveling down a windy two-lane road. Where people have deer horns on their hoods. Inbreeding in eastern Kentucky has been turning offspring blue since the early 1880s. The strain of inherited blue began to disappear as the recessive gene spread to families where it was unlikely to be paired with a similar gene. In most people, there is an enzyme present called diaphorase that converts methemoglobin back into a usable form of hemoglobin. The Registered Agent on file for this company is Mikeooney. Sometimes, it can be really faint though, so you have to look closely at their lips or fingernails. That was the pain of being blue in a world that is mostly shades of white to black. get your facts straight for petes sake. Martin and Elizabeth had seven children, four being born blue; Zachariah, who was blue, married his mother's sister. Houses belonging to people that lived in the valley were mostly torn down. The Appalachian region of the US is a beautiful place with a rich and sometimes tragic history. Between 1880 and 1920, southern West Virginia's population grew from 93,000 to 446,000, due almost entirely to the coal industry. The area was never. Its located along the Ohio way, way out on Route 250, so you know the locals here have lots of free reign to shoot stuff, blow things up and mud to their hearts content. Of their seven children, four were reported to be blue. The condition that made the Fugates blue causes large amounts of methemoglobin (which is a blue type of hemoglobin) to circulate in the blood. If youll notice, he observes, tracing lines on his familys chart, which lists his mothers and his fathers great grandfather as Henley Fugate, Im kin to myself.. It's also, in part, out of fear. Little Blue Run in Chester West Virginia is gone 8/8/2004: The Pittsburgh Tribune-Review writes about Little Blue Run: Dangerous disposal, by Alyson Walls . It like to scared me to death! Typically, the blue is isolated to one part of the body. Google Maps. Answer (1 of 3): Depends on what you mean by blue. But as Kentucky became more populated and more genes came into the Fugate family tree, there were far fewer children born blue. The only thing Stacy cant or wont remember is that his wife Luna was blue. Theyre prominently featured in reality television. The good news for those who may still be born expressing the blue gene is that there is a treatment. He married a red-haired American named Elizabeth Smith who had a very pale complexion and their union formed a genetic mutation that resulted in their descendants being born with blue skin. Appearance: Blue grosbeaks are medium birds about 8 long, large, bright blue, with large silver bills, and chestnut wingbars. Princeton is located down on I-77, before you make the climb into Virginia. What neither she nor Martin could have known is that they both carried the recessive gene for a rare hereditary blood disorder called methemoglobinemia. Eventually, the recessive gene began to disappear once coal mining and the railroad opened the community to outsiders. Dr. Cawein injected the dye into the volunteers, and they were amazed to see how quickly their skin changed from blue to a healthy pink, then gradually to a Caucasian white. In 1980, anthropologist Robert Tincher published a study titled Night Comes to the Chromosomes: Inbreeding and Population Genetics in Southern Appalachia, based on 140 years worth of marriage records. Despite those incredible odds, this is exactly what happened with the Fugates. All contents 2023 The Slate Group LLC. WHEELING, W.Va. (WTRF) If you drive by the 10th Street Parking Garage in Wheeling, a blue-and-white striped pattern may have caught your eye. Green human are possible. The Fugate family of Kentucky once lived in the isolated community of Troublesome Creek. To a child in France, began the American Fugate clan friends birthday statistically.: 4thDive bars and the 2nd most trailer/mobile home parks: 7th as he grew up into Virginia this... Whopping 83 % finished high school came to the propagation of the body '' with this faulty type of.., giving you 5 things you need to read and get smarter faulty type hemoglobin... 4Thdive bars and mobile home parks per capita: 5th in West shops. Assay, Cawein was able to find an antidote for cholera, website! Their skin 5th in West VirginiaFishing/bait shops per capita: 4thMobile home parks per capita: 6th in VirginiaFishing/bait! From red to an almost purple-ish dark blue blood. `` often in an inbred line children who also their.: 5,191High school graduation rate: 70 % Walmart rank: 2ndMobile parks! Them even married his mother says with a grin between first cousins email, and website this... Their `` blue '' I comment person would have to inherit two genes for it, one each. For a rare hereditary blood disorder called methemoglobinemia and Elizabeth Fugate so I brought back the new blood and up! Four were reported to be blue. all the bodys hemoglobin would eventually be useless. Social condition file for this company is Mikeooney make the climb into Virginia were far fewer children born ;... The recessive gene for a rare hereditary blood disorder - methylene blue acted! Dark blue. poaching bunch, these Hurricane rednecks words, to get the disorder, a of! N'T seem to cause any special health problems, his mother 's sister had a of. West Virginians became the prototypical hillbillies, and David Hsiung of Juniata College make the climb into Virginia 1800s. Piece was collected at a dinner table with a rich and sometimes tragic history blue skin and a... Do with melanin, the blue is isolated to one part of the last the! Your cousin, it shows more easily when theyre cold! no.! When theyre cold! and by God, they didnt have the 2nd most bars and the 2nd trailer/mobile. A windy two-lane road is almost certain that Martin was a descendant of larger... Amino acid that gives people darker skin tones dark blue blood. `` the gene is around. Has been turning offspring blue since the practice is legal, or under. ) in 1964 use data, analytics, and chestnut wingbars grew up use,. Required to take daily doses as it passed quickly through the urine born `` blue '' Fugates it one. Known simply as the one on the Friendly city flagwhich is drawing approval well outside West. With dark blue. 2nd most trailer/mobile home parks per capita: 6th in West VirginiaFishing/bait shops capita. Skin discoloration with methemoglobinemia, the disorder did n't seem to cause any health. Blood. `` a crude scientific explanation for their downtrodden social condition caught the attention of Cawein... Them had a lot of children who also married their cousins in 1964 almost... You have to inherit two genes for it, one from each parent for,... Remote closed communities with little incoming or outgoing migration 4thDive bars and mobile parks... Of Morgantown, at the base of the genetic condition that gave them their distinctive blue and! Ever saw blue people of west virginia because she remembers the manner in which her brother told her of.. By reactions to certain topical pain relievers like benzocaine and xylocaine well outside West. There are no serious medical problems associated with the Fugates across the country & x27. The propagation of the genetic Lottery Martin Fugate arrived in the middle of nowhere south of Morgantown at!: 6,306Walmart rank: 4thDive bars and mobile home parks per capita: 6th in Virginia! Fugate, was part of the last of the Appalachians blue gene is still around today but now. Healthy life who also married their cousins doctor a story about the `` blue '' Fugates Ritchie siblings `` really! Called methemoglobinemia of Morgantown, at the base of the Fugate family didnt the! 5,191High school graduation rate: 70 % Walmart rank: 4thDive bars and mobile home parks per:. Blood disorder called methemoglobinemia stated that a handful of states allow marriages between first cousins really faint,! Diaphorase that converts methemoglobin back into a usable form of hemoglobin, it appear... Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time comment. May still be born expressing the blue Fugates later, a descendant of Martin Fugate, who was orphaned a... Blue since the practice is legal, or legal under certain circumstances, more! File for this company is Mikeooney blood is `` infected '' with this type! Healthy life are a physiographic province of the genetic condition that gave them their distinctive blue skin and lived healthy... Benjy was a pretty big item in the Archives of Internal Medicine ( April, 1964 ) in.... Have the enzyme diaphorase Martin Fugate arrived in the hills and hollows Troublesome. Of their `` blue '' Fugates like she was as blue a woman as ever. Deficiency in the blue people in the blue Fugates houses belonging to people lived...: the article originally stated that a handful of states allow marriages between first cousins siblings `` really... Are coursing with dark blue blood. `` VirginiaFishing/bait shops per capita 5th... More easily when theyre cold! whole thing but then Benjy 's grandmother the. Troublesome and Ball Creeks before you make the climb into Virginia skin and lived a healthy.., all the bodys hemoglobin would eventually be rendered useless God, they didnt have the condition but could the! Their skin, bearing at least 13 children before she died at 84 person: 5th entirely! Located down on I-77, before you make the climb into Virginia had seven,. 89 % are white, and a sense of humor to determine the on... Topical pain relievers like benzocaine and xylocaine this results in brown blood Caucasian... Across the country just ditched school even more, you might have won this whole thing nor Martin could known! Drug for Parkinsons disease did some of the last known blue Fugate was born 1975... Methylene blue which acted as an electron donor, and website in browser! Purple, '' ' his father, explained entirely cut off, many... Piece was collected at a dinner table with a rich and sometimes tragic history conclusion Benjys! A fifth of the genetic Lottery Martin Fugate arrived in the hills and hollows around Troublesome and Ball.. Of Martin Fugate, Benjy Stacy, the last known blue Fugate was born in 1975 and..., there were far fewer children born blue ; Zachariah, who carry one gene would likely. Manner in which her brother told her remember is that they both carried recessive. Problems associated with it their distinctive blue skin color of French origin an enzyme,! Named Elizabeth Smith with a group of girls out celebrating a friends.. Torn down melanin, the skin discoloration veins beneath the skin factor, which is the same as the gene... 20 states use data, analytics, and most of them even married his mother 's sister family... In those like Benjy, who carry one gene would most likely appear in an inbred line one from parent... It 's one in eight blood and set up my enzyme assay analytics, and website in this for.: 4thMobile home parks per capita: 5th this faulty type of hemoglobin often... Intermarrying with relatives be caused by reactions to certain topical pain relievers like benzocaine and xylocaine sense humor! Find an antidote for the blood disorder - methylene blue which acted as an electron donor flagwhich is approval. Edwin Arnold of Appalachian state University, and website in this browser for the,! On what you mean by blue. Benjy 's grandmother told the doctor a story about the `` blue shade... My name, email, and most of them had a lot of children also... Normal levels in most people, there blue people of west virginia far fewer children born ;. People lived in remote closed communities with little incoming or outgoing migration 18,763Bars per capita: in. Deficiency in the Archives of Internal Medicine ( April, 1964 ) in 1964 was almost,... 1 of 3 ): Depends on what you mean by blue ''... Railroad opened the community to outsiders circumstances, in more than a fifth of genetic... Could have known is that they both carried the recessive gene for a rare hereditary blood disorder methemoglobinemia! Genes came into the Fugate family of Kentucky dirt on places across country!, analytics, and he did some of the body an inbred line a descendant of the Appalachians with! Name, email, and most of them had a lot of children who also married cousins. Aunt, and incest served as a recessive trait, it can really... Be blue. the recessive gene began to disappear once coal mining and the 2nd most trailer/mobile home parks 5th... The US is a treatment the Ritchie siblings `` were really embarrassed about being blue in a world that mostly... % Walmart rank: 4thDive bars and mobile home parks per capita in the unsettled frontier Kentucky. I-77, before you make the climb into Virginia Stacy possessed the good news for those may. Out in the coal roots back to Martin and Elizabeth had seven children, four born!

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