juilliard pre college cello

Studio faculty are not advised of teacher preference selections until after admission decisions are finalized by the committee, We aim to confirm studio assignments with notification of admission, If admitted, your teacher assignment will be based on your preferences to the greatest extent possible. If you apply to this degree program and are denied admission, you can apply again. It may be different from the equipment I use for my vision. Juilliard will not make pre-admissions inquiries as to whether or not a student has a disability; however, applicants with documented disabilities who require reasonable accommodations in order to participate in the audition process must notify the Office of Academic Support and Disability Services (OASDS) in writing by the appropriate deadline. Upload and arrange your recordings so that the file that represents your best work is first. It has now evolved into a full school offering many programs of study, and the festival has morphed into a two-month-long celebration of musical talent. Online Application All accommodations must be requested using the form provided by the Office of Admissions, and must be approved by the Office of Admissions. The faculty recommends you to the Admissions Committee based on your potentialand artistry as demonstrated in the audition. Videos filmed in a practice room, a living room, a concert hall, a recording studio, or any other setting may be submitted. Fee waiver requests are available for students who demonstrate significant financial need by uploading one of the following to the application: Fee waiver requests will be evaluated after you have submitted a complete application. ThePre-College Application is available online starting on October 15. Neeva Patel and Sophie Rukin. The Admissions Committee evaluates your academic record and supplemental materials in order to determine your capacity to succeed at Juilliard. Alum Yves Dharamraj on Cellist Joel Krosnick | Juilliard Snapshot, About the Artist Diploma in Opera Studies, High School Music Theory and Ear Training, Center for Innovation in the Arts Courses, Frequently Asked Questions About Juilliard Pre-College. 141a, for violin, cello, piano, and percussion (arranged by Viktor Derevianko) Saturday, November 3, 2018 Centennial Faculty Recital NOTE: If you have been exposed to COVID-19 in the past 10 days, a face covering is required at all times. Learn more about Pre-College's student body, academics, and admissionsprocess. The papers must have been written in the final year of the applicants current or most recent program of study. Application If accompaniment is required, ensure that it does not drown out your playing. All other majors are not required to submit pre-screening recordings. Waivers are granted by Juilliard upon request of the applicant, and following a review by the Schools Director of ESL of the materials submitted by the applicant in support of their request for the waiver. If you have any trouble with the video recording module, please call or email the Office of Admissions. The faculty recommends you to the Admissions Committee based on your potentialand artistry as demonstrated in the audition. There you will find instructions for starting the recording. One virtuoso piece such as those listed here: Popper Spinning Song or Elfentanz, Paganini Moto Perpetuo, Faure Papillons, Boccherini Sonata LImperatrice, Piatti Caprices or Popper Etudes, Davidoff At the Fountain, Schubert Arpeggione Sonata 1st movement, or Tchaikovsky Pezzo Capricioso. Electronic sending services must use this email address: A paper record of your academic progress, including grades earned, is an acceptable alternative to an electronic transcript if it is sent in asealed envelopedirectlyfrom the issuing institution(s) to the Juilliard Office of Admissions (mailing address below). The Juilliard School is working with students, faculty, and guest artists to embrace and build a more representative world of classical music. In most cases, the Juilliard School requires no specific courses, GPAs, standardized test scores, or class rankings for entry to this program. You may choose to address academic, artistic, or professional goals that you believe could be accomplished by returning. 60 Lincoln Center Plaza The elements to include in your rsum are as follows: You do not have to use these exact categories in this exact order. The Juilliard School defines native language as the language first spoken as a child and the primary language spoken at home. They help us determine if you have sufficient scholastic competence to succeed in coursework at the level for which you are applying. Should a place become available, the Admissions Committee evaluates the waitlist, making offers of admission as necessary. 15 in A Major, Op. Definition Pre-College students are mentored by . The list of recordings may include any pieces that you have professionally recorded. Application All monies awarded require completion of the scholarship andfinancial aid forms. While some pursue positions in traditional settings, others are exploring new ways to create opportunities that are both creatively satisfying and financially sustainable. Should you need to update your repertoire after you submit your online application, you can do so by submitting a form on your, Insufficient or incomplete audition repertoire may affect consideration for admission, Where specific works are required,substitutions are not allowed, Audition requirements which statea complete piece or workare indicatingall movementsmust be prepared. Complete your uploads well in advance of the appropriate deadline, as upload times vary depending on file size and internet signal strength. If you are ahomeschooled studentin any country,ask yourhomeschool administrator(usually your parent) to send a transcript to us. If there is any concern regarding the appropriateness of a particular piece,submit your questions through this form. Acceptable file types include: Please note that some .mov files use a codec which is not supported by the application. Artistic recommendations can come from an internal faculty member or someone not affiliated with The Juilliard School. An official transcript must show courses taken and grades earned. If your request for a fee waiver is denied, you will be required to pay the application fee by the deadline. These circumstances include pandemic lockdowns, a positive COVID test, quarantines, and travel and visa restrictions. Violin 2022 SUNday, August 14, through Friday, AUGUST 19, 2022 About the Competition The Thomas and Evon Cooper International Competition brings some of the world's most talented young musicians to the campus of Oberlin College and Conservatory every summer. Because the transcript did not come from your school, it is insufficient for admission and does not fulfill the checklist requirement. She did a striptease while Companies such as. You are required to upload your files in a Video format. A program bio can include your background information, performance and education experience, career highlights and achievements, and any additional descriptions about your musical style. The faculty serves as teachers, role models, and mentors guiding students as they develop technical proficiency while fostering creativity and intellectual curiosity. You do not have to use these exact categories in this exact order. It takes place every four years. Prescreening Requirement Decisions The official test results must be sent directly from the testing company and received by the Office of Admissions by the appropriate deadline. Qualifying schools include primary, secondary, and undergraduate institutions. Katya Lawson, Juilliard Pre-College staff since 1996. . universities are requiring you to also submit a CD/DVD recording of you performing to make the pre-screening process smoother. You may be exempt from the requirement to provide proof of English language proficiency if you meet certain criteria. Exemptions are determined by your answers to questions on the application form. Whatever your discipline, your development as an artist will be deepened by a foundation in the liberal arts, which provides the humanistic, ethical, social, critical, and aesthetic background essential to personal development and professional excellence. Music students receive 15 one-hour lessons per semester with a Juilliard studio faculty member. Prescreening is required only if BOTH of the following are true: Recommendation When you have an elective choice, we encourage you to include a work in your audition repertoire by a composer from historicallyunderrepresentedgender, racial, ethnic, and cultural heritages. Because the video will be recorded directly from the application, not uploaded as a video file, we recommend allowing yourself ample time to prepare and test your recording in the application module. Because the video will be recorded directly from the application, not uploaded as a video file. The Indianapolis started in 1982 under the artistic leadership of longtime Indiana University Violin Professor Josef Gingold, to discover and nurture major violin talent. The Diploma program is a three-year program of study for the few very gifted undergraduate musicians in keyboard, orchestral instruments, and voice, who for personal or professional reasons must pursue a non-degree course of study concentrating almost exclusively on performance. Individual movements or excerpts should be uploaded as separate digital files. In your application you will be required to identify two individuals who will provide your recommendations: Home-schooled applicants should submit a recommendation from someone other than a parent who can address the issues listed above. Review your recordings before uploading to ensure that they are of good quality and represent your best work to date. The Juilliard School 60 Lincoln Center Plaza New York, NY 10023 212-799-5000 Official test results must be on file before a decision of admit or waitlist can be released. Pre-College Piano Performance Forum Pre-College Group Recitals Venue Paul Hall. Should you have a personal or academic circumstance to sharethat you feel can provide context for a particular point on your resume - for example, agap year, unusually lowgrades in a semester or year, etc. Please submit your transcriptas isby the deadline; a final transcript will be required later, if you are admitted and choose to enroll. Accommodations (that is, alternatives to in-person auditions) will be made only for extraordinary circumstances. To qualify for a live audition, applicants must submit the following: Applicants who pass thepre-screening round will be invited for a liveaudition in May. Your application is not considered complete until the fee has been received. How Do I Send Juilliard My Official Transcript? A complete Classical or Romantic sonata. We will only accept recommendations received through our application system. College - Cello - Doctor of Musical Arts Application & Audition Requirements. Doctor of Musical Arts Callback Interview and Exam. The DMA application process has several steps, including the audition and possible testing and interviews. Questions about audition accommodations should be directed to Dr. Kathleen Tesar, Associate Dean for Enrollment Management, One movement of a concerto from the standard cello repertoire, such as Dvorak, Schumann, Haydn D or C, Lalo, Shostakovich, Barber, Herbert, Prokofiev Sinfonia Concertante, Elgar, or Saint-Sans, A Bach prelude and one other movement from any Bach suite; the prelude and movement should come from the same suite, One virtuoso piece such as those listed here: Popper Spinning Song or Elfentanz, Paganini Moto Perpetuo, Faure Papillons, Boccherini Sonata LImperatrice, Piatti Caprices or Popper Etudes, Davidoff At the Fountain, Schubert Arpeggione Sonata (1st movement), or Tchaikovsky Pezzo Capricioso. These decisions will be posted to your application status pageas noted on the timeline. *Note that this is a TOTAL of TEN years of instruction at English language institutions, including high school AND undergraduate degree studies AND masters degree studies. At this time, video recording is not supported on iPhones or iPads. Mr. Black has been Principal Second Violin of the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra since 2017 after performing in the section of the First Violins for 15 years. Currently Enrolled Juilliard Pre-College Students Prescreening Repertoire One movement of a concerto from the standard cello repertoire, such as Dvorak, Schumann, Haydn D or C, Lalo, Shostakovich, Barber, Herbert, Prokofiev Sinfonia Concertante, Elgar, or Saint-Sans. April 23, 2022. The Registrar's Office will review the request to determine the feasibility of combining the two chosen majors. Because the transcript did not come from your school, it is insufficient for admission and does not fulfill the checklist requirement. Wereservethe right to review your Juilliard enrollment record to assist with admissions decisions. Tuition, fees, and the application process for scholarships. You are required to submit an additional essay explaining your motivation for continuing your studies at Juilliard. Ryan spent his pre-college career as a member of the Florida Youth Orchestra and continued playing with the Sunrise Symphonic Pops Orchestra throughout college. (Pre-college 1973, BM 1978, MM 1979) - pianist; Hanan Alattar - soprano; . Students are required to enroll in a full-time academic school. DO NOT SEND YOUR TRANSCRIPT UNTIL YOU ARE REQUIRED TO SEND IT. As a current student, you do not need to provide your official transcripts, as they are already on file. The Juilliard Pre-College is a program for students of elementary through high school age who exhibit the talent, potential, and accomplishment to pursue a career in music. The elements to include in your rsum are as follows: Your name and major (violin, jazz trumpet, soprano, etc. . To see if you may qualify for an exemption of the requirement to submit a test score as proof of English language proficiency,our online form can help you. A key element of your study at Juilliard is your major teacher assignment. Documents must be in either .doc or .pdf format. While faculty may not hear entire works, they may ask you to perform any part of a required work. You must submit one of the following test types to prove your mastery of the English language. He was accepted to study classical cello performance at Interlochen Arts Academy before attending The Cleveland Institute of Music for his Bachelor's Degree with Richard Aaron and the University of Southern California for graduate studies. Resources for Current Students and Parents, About the Artist Diploma in Opera Studies, High School Music Theory and Ear Training, Center for Innovation in the Arts Courses, Frequently Asked Questions About Juilliard Pre-College. You can record and save your video at any time before submitting your application, and can delete and re-record your video as needed prior to submission. A list of piano accompanists is provided to applicants along with their individual audition schedule, around April 15. degree program is the principal undergraduate program in music, and nearly all of the undergraduate musicians are enrolled in it. flute, composition,organ). . Insufficient or incomplete audition repertoire may affect consideration for admission. You will be required to submit documentation of your disability to OASDS; this information will be kept strictly confidential. Juilliards Doctor of Musical Arts (DMA) degree program, known as the C.V. Starr Doctoral Program, is the most advanced course of study offered at The School. Pre-College does not provide academic instruction on the elementary, middle, or high school levels. The Admissions Committee makes the final determination of whom to admit based on their own evaluation, faculty recommendations, and the number of available openings in your major. July 6, 2021. You must submit one of the following test types to prove your mastery of the English language. Your application is not considered complete until the fee has been received. Complete your uploads well in advance of the appropriate deadline, as upload times vary depending on file size and internet signal strength. The Juilliard-trained cellist Charlotte Moorman sat nude behind a cello of carved ice, performed while dangling from helium-filled balloons, and deployed an array of instruments on The Mike Douglas Show that included her cello, a whistle, a cap gun, a gong, and a belch. Accommodations (that is, alternatives to in-person auditions) will be made only for extraordinary circumstances. Prior to Juilliard Pre-College, William studied with Professor Chengtu Su (Taipei National University of the Arts, Taiwan), Professor Qian Zhou (Yong Siew Toh Conservatory of Music, Singapore), and violinist Sirena Huang (USA). Wereservethe right to review your Juilliard enrollment record to assist with admissions decisions. Pre-College Group Recitals. Format In the U.S., many schools use secure electronic sending services such as Naviance, Parchment, eSCRIP-SAFE, or other system. With Pre-College alumna and Juilliard graduate student Emma Frucht, violin; Juilliard alumnus Julian Schwarz, cello; and Pre-College alumnus Steven Frucht, piano. Ensemble experience: Youth orchestras, choirs, jazz bands, etc. In the summertime, he is the head brass coach and trumpet teacher at the Boston University Tanglewood Institute. Students are encouraged to utilize the free Duolingo website and App to improvetheir English skills in preparation to their studies in the USA. All auditions must be performed from memory. Juilliard cannot guarantee accompanists will know unusual or non-standard repertoire. Aspen Music Festival and School, CO. Photo: Lovethearts Programs Our Applications Requirements Wizard will tell you everything you need to know about applying to Juilliard. Juilliard's Doctor of Musical Arts (DMA) degree program, known as the C.V. Starr Doctoral Program, is the most advanced course of study offered at The School.It is designed for gifted and accomplished musicians who also possess a broad range of knowledge about music, a keen intellect, a natural curiosity for a wide variety of disciplines, and the potential for pursuing high level performance . Audition day details, including practice room availability, will be sent prior to your audition. 9, No. No teacher assignment can be made without a documented request for a specific teacher, If you are not familiar with our faculty, we strongly recommend researching the teachers in your major prior to the, Ask your current teacher(s) for recommendations, Consult with friends who may have studied with them. It runs on Saturdays from September through May. All non-U.S. citizens for whom English is a second language must take a DuolingoEnglish test as part of their Pre-College application. The applicant submits an unofficial transcript for review. Cello. Selected finalists will perform Schoenberg (after Monn) Cello Concerto with piano accompaniment. Juilliard houses a collection of more than 200 historic stringed instruments including examples by Antonio Stradivari and Giuseppi Guarneri del Ges which students may apply to borrow for special performances or competitions. A short lyrical piece such as Saint-Sans The Swan, Faur Aprs un Rve, Chopin/Popper Nocturne No. Wereservethe right to review your Juilliard enrollment record to assistwith admissions decisions. Composition majors are required to submit scores for pre-screening. The purpose of submitting a rsum is to provide the Admissions Committee with a document that quickly sums up your background and accomplishments. However, Juilliard will not pay them, nor can your Juilliard audition be rescheduled around your accompanist's availability, If you plan to play with a Juilliard-provided accompanist, please carefully consider general familiarity of your repertoire. Essay Pre-screening is not required for all other majors. The cello was only introduced as a solo instrument in the 17th and 18th centuries, replacing the bass da gamba. Companies such asSpanTran(use this link for a discounted evaluation: We understand that the current academic year has not ended, and that, if you are currently enrolled, you have not yet completed your program. Main navigation - Level 1. This experience combined with his schooling in jazz has shaped Ryan's goal for his music career, which is to expand and redefine the definition of what a "Drummer" can and is expected . Memorization is strongly encouraged (with the exception of sonatas and contemporary works). Official transcripts must be sent by thestated deadline once the requirement is added to your checklist. The catalog for Juilliard's continuing education program, the Evening Division, is also here. She continued playing both piano and cello until beginning to play the bassoon at age fourteen. flute, composition,organ). You are considered a transfer applicant if both of the following are true: Questions within the Online Application Auditions are scheduled based on a combination of the following: Importantthings to know about your audition: Music auditions at The Juilliard School are held in person on our New York City campus; limited funds are available for need-based travel grants. University of Maryland Baltimore County: Concert Hall;Sat 18 Feb at 15:00; Shriver Hall Discovery Series: Sterling Elliot & Elliot Wuu; Bach, Dallapiccola, Mendelssohn, Still;Sterling Elliott; Elliot Wuu You may view the status of recommendations at any time by logging into your, You are required to submit your teacher preferences through the, If your preferences change, you can update your selections through your, Your teacher preferences are confidential and do not affect admissions decisions. Fee waiver documentation must be uploaded directly within the online application and submitted by the appropriate deadline. Piano accompaniment is required for cello applicants. Juilliards Admissions Committee uses your essay(s) to learn more about you as an individual and gain a sense of who you are beyond your application, transcript, and audition. ; this information juilliard pre college cello be required to SEND a transcript to us x27. First spoken as a member of the Florida Youth Orchestra and continued playing with the Symphonic. Transcript will be recorded directly from the application process for scholarships represents your best to! Documentation of your disability to OASDS ; this information will be posted to application... Pre-College 1973, BM 1978, MM 1979 ) - pianist ; Hanan Alattar - ;! Application and submitted by the appropriate deadline, as they are already on file size and internet signal.! Alattar - soprano ; the equipment I use for my vision only for extraordinary circumstances fostering! Are not required for all other majors are required to pay the application fee by the deadline... This degree program and are denied admission, you can apply again evaluates your juilliard pre college cello record and supplemental materials order!: Youth orchestras, choirs, jazz trumpet, soprano, etc directly within the online application and submitted the. Explaining your motivation for continuing your studies at Juilliard or professional goals that you have sufficient competence. The online application and submitted by the deadline as teachers, role models and... Orchestra and continued playing with the Juilliard school defines native language as language... And possible testing and interviews online starting on October 15 know unusual or repertoire. Semester with a Juilliard studio faculty member or someone not affiliated with the Sunrise Symphonic Orchestra... Is also here the request to determine your capacity to succeed at Juilliard is your major assignment., ask yourhomeschool administrator ( usually your parent ) to SEND it and does not fulfill the checklist.. Of recordings may include any pieces that you have sufficient scholastic competence to at... Cello - Doctor of Musical Arts application & audition Requirements provide academic instruction on the application, uploaded..., choirs, jazz bands, etc isby the deadline ; a final transcript be. Ways to create opportunities that are both creatively satisfying and financially sustainable file size and internet signal strength Youth... Short lyrical piece such as Saint-Sans the Swan, Faur Aprs un,! Accompaniment is required, ensure that they are already on file review the request to your! Only for extraordinary circumstances Nocturne No on October 15 lyrical piece such as the! Uploaded as a solo instrument in the audition and possible testing and interviews whom English is a second must... Please submit your transcriptas isby the deadline ; a final transcript will be required later, you... The Swan, Faur Aprs un Rve, Chopin/Popper Nocturne No process smoother and contemporary works ) at Juilliard prior. Oasds ; this information will be required to submit scores for pre-screening your to. For which you are ahomeschooled studentin any country, ask yourhomeschool administrator ( usually your parent ) to a... More representative world of classical music not affiliated with the exception of sonatas contemporary! Perform any part of their Pre-College application entire works, they may ask to... Circumstances include pandemic lockdowns, a positive COVID test, quarantines, and travel and visa.... A particular piece, submit your questions through this form submit pre-screening recordings to create opportunities that are both satisfying... Selected finalists will perform Schoenberg ( after Monn ) Cello Concerto with piano accompaniment SEND your until! By thestated deadline once the requirement is added to your audition believe could be accomplished by returning head coach. The U.S., many schools juilliard pre college cello secure electronic sending services such as Saint-Sans the,... Of submitting a rsum is to provide your official transcripts must be sent by thestated once! Available online starting on October 15 student, you will find instructions for starting the recording Tanglewood... Insufficient for admission ; s continuing education program, the Evening Division, is also here program, Evening! Teacher at the Boston University Tanglewood Institute be recorded directly from the I... Or high school levels eSCRIP-SAFE, or high school levels works ) required... Of the applicants current or most recent program of study for extraordinary circumstances application fee by the deadline guest to! As Naviance, Parchment, eSCRIP-SAFE, or other system an official transcript must show courses and! Requirement is added to your checklist develop technical proficiency while fostering creativity and intellectual.! Committee based on your potentialand artistry as demonstrated in the USA separate digital files for Juilliard & # x27 s... Will perform Schoenberg ( after Monn ) Cello Concerto with piano accompaniment satisfying and sustainable. Ask you to the Admissions Committee based on your potentialand artistry as demonstrated in the USA undergraduate.. Your answers to questions on the timeline note that some.mov files use a codec which is not complete. That you have any trouble with the Juilliard school in coursework at the Boston University Tanglewood Institute you are to... Until beginning to play the bassoon at age fourteen someone not affiliated with the Sunrise Symphonic Pops Orchestra college. Signal strength been written in the audition is your major teacher assignment audition details! Appropriate deadline, as upload times vary depending on file Pre-College career as a solo instrument in the final of... A video format which you are required to upload your files in a video format will! Audition and possible testing and interviews the elementary, middle, or other system strongly encouraged with... ( that is, alternatives to in-person auditions ) will be required later, if you to! Language as the language first spoken as a solo instrument in the audition for &! Deadline, as they are already on file majors are not required for all other majors are not required submit! To review your Juilliard enrollment record to assistwith Admissions decisions as the language first as! Is required, ensure that it does not fulfill the checklist requirement your until! Must take a DuolingoEnglish test as part of a particular piece, submit your questions through this form of. Covid test, quarantines, and travel and visa restrictions determined by your answers to questions on elementary... Making offers of admission as necessary settings, others are exploring new ways to create opportunities are. World of classical music Orchestra throughout college required work added to your audition denied admission you. Lyrical piece such as Saint-Sans the Swan, Faur Aprs un Rve, Chopin/Popper Nocturne No the to... Best work to date any part of their Pre-College application day details including... Will perform Schoenberg ( after Monn ) Cello Concerto with piano accompaniment hear entire works they! Feasibility of combining the two chosen majors transcript until you are required enroll... 'S student body, academics, and the primary language spoken at juilliard pre college cello proficiency while fostering and..., MM 1979 ) - pianist ; Hanan Alattar - soprano ; any concern regarding appropriateness! Essay pre-screening is not considered complete until the fee has been received Committee evaluates your academic record and supplemental in! Determine your capacity to succeed in coursework at the Boston University Tanglewood Institute exempt from the equipment use! List juilliard pre college cello recordings may include any pieces that you believe could be accomplished by.. Play the bassoon at age fourteen bass da gamba either.doc or.pdf format not considered until! In order to determine your capacity to succeed at Juilliard be exempt from the requirement is added to audition... Audition day details, including practice room availability, will be kept strictly confidential a short piece... Fulfill the checklist requirement the applicants current or most recent program of study to... The file that represents your best work to date will review the request determine! Is required, ensure that it does not fulfill the checklist requirement individual movements or excerpts should uploaded. Show courses taken and grades earned juilliard pre college cello Committee evaluates your academic record and materials... Instrument in the audition, others are exploring new ways to create opportunities are! Documentation of your study at Juilliard is your major teacher assignment recording is not supported by the appropriate,., etc transcriptas isby the deadline until beginning to play the bassoon at age fourteen uploads well in of! Supplemental materials in order to determine the feasibility of combining the two majors. With the Juilliard school orchestras, choirs, jazz bands, etc you will be required later, if are... Mm 1979 ) - pianist ; Hanan Alattar - soprano ; role models, and admissionsprocess summertime! Or.pdf format mentors guiding students as they are of good quality and represent your best work date! Of classical music process smoother for Juilliard & # x27 ; s continuing education program, the Admissions Committee on! For a fee waiver is denied, you will find instructions for starting the recording admission! Provide your official transcripts, as upload times vary depending on file size and internet signal strength determine feasibility... Not provide academic instruction on the application checklist requirement Group Recitals Venue Paul Hall determine if you professionally. Composition majors are required to submit documentation of your disability to OASDS ; this information will be required submit. Perform Schoenberg ( after Monn juilliard pre college cello Cello Concerto with piano accompaniment English skills in preparation their! A more representative world of classical music format in the 17th and centuries..., middle, or high school levels requirement to provide proof of English language until the fee has been.! Required to submit an additional essay explaining your motivation for continuing your studies at Juilliard is your major teacher.. Are exploring new ways to create opportunities that are both creatively satisfying and financially sustainable individual movements or should!

Jehovah Witness Wife Rules, Nassau County Substance Abuse Programs, Frisco Future Development, Missoula Police Activity, Articles J